Camera.

(Inside of a camera)

Aperture- A device that controls the amount of light admitted through an opening.
Shutter- Is the device on the camera that opens and closes to control how long the focal plane is exposed to light.
Exposure-  is the unit of measurement for the total amount of light permitted to reach the electronic sensor during the process of taking a photograph.
Depth of Field-  is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image.
F-Stop- is the numerical measurement of the aperture settings in a digital camera lens.
Focal Lenght-  is the size of the image and angle of  field of view as seen by the camera through the lens.